Litteraturanbefalinger – NKK-FT

Anbefalte nettsider for pasienter:

Nettside med pasientrettet informasjon om funksjonelle symptomer: www.bodysymptoms.org/no

Engelsk nettside om funksjonelle nevrologiske lidelser, delvis oversatt til norsk: https://neurosymptoms.org/nb_NO/

Oversiktslitteratur:

Flink et al (2020) Pain psychology in the 21st century: lessons learned and moving forward – Scand J Pain https://www.degruyterbrill.com/document/doi/10.1515/sjpain-2019-0180/html 

Helgeland, H. & Diseth, T.H. (2026). Funksjonelle symptomer og tilstander. BUP-veileder. Funksjonelle symptomer og tilstander - Helsebiblioteket

Helgeland, H. & Gjems, S. (2020). Somatiske symptomtilstander hos barn og unge. -Fra ny viten til klinisk praksis. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 57(9), 657-665. https://psykologtidsskriftet.no/evidensbasert-praksis/2020/09/somatiske-symptomtilstander-hos-barn-og-unge

Kangas, M., Kallesoe, K. H., & Rask, C. U. (2020). Functional somatic syndromes (FSS) in children and adolescents: Conceptual, measurement and treatment issues. Zeitschrift für Psychologie, 228(2), 81–92. https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000401

Kozlowska, K., Scher, S. & Helgeland, H. (2020). Functional Somatic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Stress-System Approach to Assessment and Treatment. Springer International Publishing. https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-030-46184-3

Löwe, B., Toussaint, A., Rosmalen, J. G. M., Huang, W.-L., Burton, C., Weigel, A., Levenson, J. L. & Henningsen, P. (2024). Persistent physical symptoms: definition, genesis, and management. The Lancet, 403(10444), 2649-2662. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00623-8

Diagnose og klassifikasjon:

Burton, C., Fink, P., Henningsen, P., Löwe, B. & Rief, W. (2020). Functional somatic disorders: discussion paper for a new common classification for research and clinical use. BMC Medicine, 18(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-020-1505-4

Bøen E, Myren S, Wendel-Haga M, Koht J, Svalheim S, Sveberg L, Doan TP, Andreassen O, Boye B, Elvsåshagen T. Funksjonell nevrologisk lidelse. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2025 Jul 29;145(9). Norwegian. doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.24.0574.

Kleinstäuber, M., Schröder, A., Daehler, S., Pallesen, K. J., Rask, C. U., Sanyer, M., Van den Bergh, O., Weinreich Petersen, M. & Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2023). Aetiological Understanding of Fibromyalgia, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and Classificatory Analogues: A Systematic Umbrella Review. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 5(3), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.32872%2Fcpe.11179

Myren S, Helgeland H (2024), Legg vekt på positive tegn ved diagnostisering av funksjonell nevrologisk lidelse, Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 144 (11), DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.24.0321

Stone, Burton & Carson (2020): Recognising and explaining functional neurological disorder. BMJ 2020; 371 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3745  https://www.bmj.com/content/371/bmj.m3745 

Van den Bergh, O., Witthoft, M., Petersen, S. & Brown, R.J. (2017). Symptoms and the body: Taking the inferential leap. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 74(Pt A), 185–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.015

van der Meulen, M. L., Bos, M., Bakker, S. J. L., Gans, R. O. B. & Rosmalen, J. G. M. (2024). Validity and diagnostic overlap of functional somatic syndrome diagnoses. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 181, 111673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychores.2024.111673

Mekanismer:

Agorastos, A., Pervanidou, P., Chrousos, G. P. & Baker, D. G. (2019). Developmental trajectories of early life stress and trauma: A narrative review on neurobiological aspects beyond stress system dysregulation. Front Psychiatry, 10, 118-118. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00118

Bower, J. E. & Kuhlman, K. R. (2023). Psychoneuroimmunology: An introduction to immune-to-brain communication and its implications for clinical psychology. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 9:19, pp.331-359 https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-080621-045153

Hallett M, Aybek S, Dworetzky BA, McWhirter L, Staab JP, Stone J. (2022) Functional neurological disorder: new subtypes and shared mechanisms. Lancet Neurol. Jun;21(6):537-550. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00422-1.

Henningsen, P., Gündel, H., Kop, W. J., Löwe, B., Martin, A., Rief, W., Rosmalen, J. G. M., Schröder, A., van der Feltz-Cornelis, C. & Van den Bergh, O. (2018). Persistent Physical Symptoms as Perceptual Dysregulation: A Neuropsychobehavioral Model and Its Clinical Implications. Psychosomatic Medicine, 80(5), 422-431. https://doi.org/10.1097/psy.0000000000000588

Herner, L. B. & Pedersen, M. (2024). Funksjonelle somatiske symptomer og den prediktive hjernemodellen. Tidsskrift for Norsk psykologforening, 61(12), 888-894.

Jungilligens J, Perez DL. Predictive Processing and the Pathophysiology of Functional Neurological Disorder. Curr Top Behav Neurosci. 2025;74:279-305. doi: 10.1007/7854_2024_473.

Kozlowska, K., Palmer, D. M., Brown, K. J., McLean, L., Scher, S., Gevirtz, R., Chudleigh, C. & Williams, L. M. (2015). Reduction of autonomic regulation in children and adolescents with conversion disorders. Psychosom Med, 77(4), 356-370. https://doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0000000000000184

Kozlowska, K., Scher, S., Helgeland, H. & Carrive, P. (2021). Asylum-seeking children in shutdown: Neurobiological models. Developmental child welfare, 3(3), 282-309. https://doi.org/10.1177/25161032211036162

Otasowie, J., Paraiso, A., Bates, G., Id & Bates, G. O. h. o. o. (2021). Pervasive refusal syndrome: Systematic review of case reports. European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 30(1), pp. 41-53. https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs00787-020-01536-1

Van den Bergh, O., Witthöft, M., Petersen, S. & Brown, R. J. (2017). Symptoms and the body: Taking the inferential leap. Neurosci Biobehav Rev, 74(Pt A), 185-203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.015

Biopsykososial forståelsesmodell:

Førde, S., Herner, L.B., Helland, I.B. & Diseth, T.H. (2022). The biopsychosocial model in paediatric clinical practice—an interdisciplinary approach to somatic symptom disorders. Acta Paediatrica, 111(11), 2115–2124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/apa.16517

Getz, L. O., Saxtrup, N., Hvas, L. (2021). Komplekse problemstillinger – allmennlegens ekspertområde. Michael, 18, 17-39. https://www.michaeljournal.no/article/2021/02/Komplekse-problemstillinger-%E2%80%93-allmennlegens-ekspertomrade

Gjems, S. & Helgeland, H. (2018). En ung gutt med uforklarlig hodepine og lammelser. Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening, 138(13). https://doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.18.0081

Helgeland, H. & Førde, S. (2017). Barn og unge med uforklarlige kroppslige symptomer. Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening, 137(6), 13-14. https://doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.17.0134

Kozlowska, K., Sawchuk, T., Waugh, J. L., Helgeland, H., Baker, J., Scher, S. & Fobian, A. D. (2021). Changing the culture of care for children and adolescents with functional neurological disorder. Epilepsy & behavior reports, 16, 100486-100486. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ebr.2021.100486

Behandling:

Diseth, T. H. & Christie, H. J. (2005). Trauma-related dissociative (conversion) disorders in children and adolescents - an overview of assessment tools and treatment principles. Nord J Psychiatry, 59(4), 278-292. https://doi.org/10.1080/08039480500213683

Handelsby, N. & Elgen, I. (2021). Den blanke tavlen. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 58(8). https://psykologtidsskriftet.no/fagessay/2021/08/den-blanke-tavlen

Helgeland, H., Gjone, I. & Diseth, T.H. (2022). The biopsychosocial board—A conversation tool for broad diagnostic assessment and identification of effective treatment of children with functional somatic disorders. Human Systems: Therapy, Culture and Attachments, 2(3), DOI: 10.1177/26344041221099644

Helgeland, H., Savage, B. & Kozlowska, K. (2024). Hypnosis in the Treatment of Functional Somatic Symptoms in Children and Adolescents. I J. H. Linden, G. De Benedittis, L. I. Sugarman & K. Varga (Red.), The Routledge International Handbook of Clinical Hypnosis (s. 517-536). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003449126-48

Herner, L. B., Førde, S., Helland, I. B., Knudsen-Heier, S. & Diseth, T. H. (2021). Dissosiativ identitetsforstyrrelse i utredning av barn og ungdom: Teori og kliniske utfordringer. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 58(8), 672-680. https://doi.org/10.52734/479NhF9g

Kozlowska, K., Chudleigh, C., Elliott, B. & Landini, A. (2016). The body comes to family therapy: Treatment of a school-aged boy with hyperventilation-induced non-epileptic seizures. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry, 21(4), 669-685. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359104515621960

Kozlowska, K., Chudleigh, C., Savage, B., Hawkes, C., Scher, S. & Nunn, K. P. (2023). Evidence-based mind-body interventions for children and adolescents with functional neurological disorder. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, .31(2), pp.60-82. https://doi.org/10.1097/hrp.0000000000000358

Landa, A., Makous, M. & Fallon, B. (2017). Treating Somatic Symptom Disorder and Illness Anxiety in Integrated Care Settings. I (s. p 276–302). https://www.columbia.edu/~al2898/DevelopmentalPsychosomaticsLab/TreatingSSD&IA.Chapter.Landa%20et%20al.2017.pdf

Maneta, E. K., Khachane, Y., Kozlowska, K., Savage, B., McClure, G., Butler, G., Gray, N., Worth, A., Mihailovich, S., Perez, D. L., Helgeland, H. & Chrousos, G. P. (2019). Twisted in Pain: The Multidisciplinary Treatment Approach to Functional Dystonia. Harv Rev Psychiatry, 27(6), 359-381. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000237

Ramberg, B. K. & Diseth, T. (2012). Barn med langvarig smerte: Fanget i vonde sirkler- veien ut. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening, 49(3), 241-246). https://psykologtidsskriftet.no/fagartikkel/2012/03/barn-med-langvarig-smerte-fanget-i-vonde-sirkler-veier-ut

Vase et al (2025) Opportunites for chronic pain self-management: core psychological principles and neurobiological underpinnings - The Lancet https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(25)00404-0/abstract 

Vassilopoulos, A., Mohammad, S., Dure, L., Kozlowska, K. & Fobian, A. D. (2022). Treatment Approaches for Functional Neurological Disorders in Children. Curr Treat Options Neurol, 24(2), 77-97. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11940-022-00708-5

Kronikker og intervjuer:

Helgeland H, Boye B, Kristiansen H, Tangen MK, Høifødt HSH, Herner LB, Sagabråten SO, Karlsen KE, Diseth TH (2025), Pasienter med funksjonelle lidelser trenger et bedre behandlingstilbud, Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen, 145 (8), DOI 10.4045/tidsskr.24.0567

Helgeland H, Getz LO, Herner LB, Bøen E og Myren S (2025), Betegnelsen funksjonelle lidelser bør revitaliseres, 145(2), doi: 10.4045/tidsskr.24.0573

Helgeland H, Lang AM, Kristiansen H & Krohg K (2022), Dagens medisin, For mye utredning av barn og unge gjør vondt verre https://www.dagensmedisin.no/debatt-og-kronikk/for-mye-utredning-av-barn-og-unge-gjor-vondt-verre/109176

Helgeland, H., Lindheim, M. Ø., Diseth, T. H. & Brodal, P. A. (2021). Klinisk hypnose – en revitalisering av legekunsten. Tidsskrift for Den Norske Laegeforening, 141(7). https://doi.org/10.4045/tidsskr.21.0098

Helgeland H, Diseth TH & Tronstad RR (2024), Dagens medisin, Hvorfor er ikke klinisk hypnose et behandlingstilbud til pasienter med alvorlig irritabel tarm-syndrom? https://www.dagensmedisin.no/gastroenterologi-inflammatorisk-tarmsykdom-ibd-psykolog/hvorfor-er-ikke-klinisk-hypnose-et-behandlingstilbud-til-pasienter-med-alvorlig-irritabel-tarm-syndrom/619606

Helgeland H & Diseth TH (2021), Dagens medisin, Hvorfor avvises mange unge på feilaktig grunnlag? https://www.dagensmedisin.no/artikler/2021/04/17/hvorfor-avvises-mange-unge-pa-feilaktig-grunnlag/

Helgeland H, Fundingsrud HP, Bakken AK, Flottorp S & Diseth TH (2021), Dagens medisin, Er pakkeforløp riktig løsning for utmattede pasienter? https://www.dagensmedisin.no/artikler/2021/03/17/er-pakkeforlop-riktig-losning-for-utmattede-pasienter/

Tronstad R.R. (2024), Paidos, Kommunikasjon i arbeidet med funksjonelle lidelser

Intervju i Paidos (2024): Hypnose og funksjonelle tilstander – rundt bordet med ekspertene